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India Physiography UPSC

 


Physiography of India (Part - 2)

Deccan Plateau has the following features:

  • The Deccan Lava Plateau Region
  • Telangana Plateau
  • The Karnataka Plateau

    The Deccan Lava Plateau Region
  • The northwestern part of Deccan Plateau is the region of basaltic lava. 
  • It includes the Western Ghats north of 160N latitude, plateau of Maharashtra (except the east of Nagpur) and the adjoining parts of Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
    Telangana Plateau
  • Part of the Deccan Plateau comprises of the interior region of Andhra Pradesh.
  • North of Krishna River is the plateau of Telangana.
  • South of the Krishna River, lying in the Rayalseema plateau region.
    The Karnataka Plateau
  • Situated to the south of Deccan Lava Region.
  • Malnad and Maidan are two physiographic regions of Karnataka Plateau.

(i) Malnad 

  • Hilly and dissected plateau region about 35 km wide lying close to the Western Ghats. The highest hills is the Bababudan group.

(ii) Maidan

  • Situated in the eastern part of Malnad, relatively large rolling plains with low granitic hills.

Plateau

  • It is an extension of main peninsular plateau
  • It includes Meghalaya and karbi-Anglong plateau
  • Meghalaya plateau is further sub-divided into Garo hill, khasi hill & Jaintia hills
  • this plateau is highly eroded because it is high rainfall area

Coastal Plains

  • This is a narrow belt and provides natural conditions for the development of the ports & the harbours.
  • From Gujarat to Kerala they can be divided into kutch & Kathiawar coast, Konkan coast and Malabar coast

Coastal plains

On the basis of location, the plains can be divided into :

  • The western coastal plains
  • The eastern coastal plains

KATHIAWAR COAST

  • Extends from Rann of Kutch to Daman in the south

    THE ISLANDS
    There are two major groups of the island in India
  • Bay of Bengal group
  • Arabian Sea group

Bay of Bengal

  • This group consists of 572 islands
  • The group is divided into Andaman in the north & Nicobar group in the south
  • They are separated by “ten degree channel”
    Bay of Bengal islands
  • These are believed to be the extension of Arakan Yoma mountain
  • Barren island, the only active volcano is situated in the Nicobar island
  • The Pamban Island, situated between India and Sri Lanka, has a rocky surface, is an extension of the peninsular surface in Ramnad district of Tamil Nadu.
    Arabian sea islands
  • This group include the Lakshadweep and Minicoy islands
  • There are approx. 36 islands
  • These are built of coral deposits
    Arabian sea islands
  • Minicoy is the largest island
  • The group is divided by 11 degree channel, north of which is the Amini island and to the south is the Cannanore island
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